Nitazoxanide 500 mg is an oral antiprotozoal medication used to treat diarrhea caused by certain types of protozoa, such as Cryptosporidium parvum and Giardia lamblia. It belongs to the benzamide class of drugs and is available in tablet form.
What Is Nitazoxanide 500 mg Tablet?
Nitazoxanide 500 mg tablet is a prescription medication used to treat diarrhea caused by specific protozoa. It works by interfering with the electron transfer reaction necessary for the parasite’s survival.
Contraindications of Nitazoxanide 500 mg
Nitazoxanide is contraindicated in patients with hypersensitivity to the drug or its components.
Side Effects of Nitazoxanide 500 mg
- Abdominal pain
- Nausea/vomiting
- Diarrhea
- Headache
- Dizziness
- Rash
Precautions and Warnings of Nitazoxanide 500 mg
- Use with caution in patients with hepatic and renal impairment
- Use with caution in diabetics, as the tablet contains 1.48 g of sucrose per 5 mL
- Use with caution in pregnant and lactating women, as safety has not been established
Pregnancy
Safety during pregnancy has not been established. Nitazoxanide should be used during pregnancy only if the potential benefit justifies the potential risk to the fetus.
Breast Feeding
It is not known if nitazoxanide is excreted in human milk. Caution should be exercised when administering nitazoxanide to a nursing mother.
Driving
Nitazoxanide does not have a significant impact on alertness or the ability to drive. However, patients should be cautious if experiencing side effects that may impair their ability to drive safely.
Alcohol
No specific interaction between nitazoxanide and alcohol has been reported. However, patients should be cautious when consuming alcohol, as it may exacerbate side effects.
Other General Warnings
- Patients should report other skin reactions, such as itching or increased sweating, or gastrointestinal problems, such as diarrhea, vomiting, or abdominal pain.
- Patients should be advised to remain adequately hydrated to offset fluid loss from diarrhea.
Mode of Action of Nitazoxanide 500 mg
Nitazoxanide interferes with the electron transfer reaction necessary for the parasite’s survival.
Directions for Use of Nitazoxanide 500 mg
- Adults and children 12 years of age and older: 500 mg every 12 hours, taken with food, for 3 days.
- Children up to 11 years of age: Use of tablet is not recommended; consult a healthcare professional for the appropriate dosage form.
Interactions of Nitazoxanide 500 mg
- Nitazoxanide may interact with other highly protein-bound drugs by competing for binding sites.
Interactions with other medicines
- Nitazoxanide may interact with other highly protein-bound drugs, such as warfarin or phenytoin.
Storage and Disposal of Nitazoxanide 500 mg
- Store at room temperature (15-30°C or 59-86°F)
- Keep out of the reach of children
- Do not use expired medication
Dosage of Nitazoxanide 500 mg
- The recommended dosage for adults and children 12 years of age and older is 500 mg every 12 hours, taken with food, for 3 days.
Overdose
- In case of an overdose, contact a healthcare professional immediately.
Missed a Dose
- If a dose is missed, take it as soon as possible. However, if it is almost time for the next dose, skip the missed dose and go back to your regular dosing schedule. Do not double doses.
Frequently Asked Questions (FAQs)
- What is nitazoxanide used for?
Nitazoxanide is used to treat diarrhea caused by certain protozoa, such as Cryptosporidium parvum and Giardia lamblia. - Is nitazoxanide safe during pregnancy?
Safety during pregnancy has not been established. Nitazoxanide should be used during pregnancy only if the potential benefit justifies the potential risk to the fetus. - Can I drink alcohol while taking nitazoxanide?
Patients should be cautious when consuming alcohol, as it may exacerbate side effects. - How should I take nitazoxanide?
Adults and children 12 years of age and older: 500 mg every 12 hours, taken with food, for 3 days.
Disclaimer:
The information provided is for educational purposes only and should not be used as a substitute for professional medical advice, diagnosis, or treatment. Always consult your healthcare provider before starting or changing any medication.
References:
- Nitazoxanide (Oral Route) – Mayo Clinic. (2023). Retrieved from https://www.mayoclinic.org/drugs-supplements/nitazoxanide-oral-route/description/drg-20065055
- Nitazoxanide (Oral Route) – Proper Use – Mayo Clinic. (2023). Retrieved from https://www.mayoclinic.org/drugs-supplements/nitazoxanide-oral-route/proper-use/drg-20065055
- Nitazoxanide: A first-in-class broad-spectrum antiviral agent
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